덴마크 유틀란드에 있는 루브예리 크누데 등대가 이사를 했다. 120년 된 이 등대는 북해 해안으로부터 200m쯤 떨어져 있었으나 해안 침식과 모래 이동으로 매년 2m씩 해안과의 거리가 좁혀져 해안선으로부터 6m 정도 밖에 떨어져 있지 않았다. 주민들은 유서 깊은 구조물이 바다로 떨어져 붕괴하는 것을 보고 싶지 않다며 차라리 해체하자는 의견을 내기도 했지만 레일을 깔아 해변에서 멀리 떨어진 곳으로 이동시키기로 했다. 이외링 시 위원회는 22일(현지시간) 높이 23m에 무게가 720t이나 나가는 등대 기초를 들어올린 뒤 바퀴가 달린 철제 빔 위에 올려놓고 철도 레일 위를 움직이게 해 해안 안쪽으로 이동시켰다. 영국 BBC는 70m를 해안 안쪽으로 이동시켰다고 보도했는데 EPA통신은 80m를 움직였다고 했다. 이사한 곳 주변에는 시멘트 작업을 할 예정이다. 이렇게 되면 앞으로 40년 동안은 안전하게 등대를 보존할 수 있다고 BBC는 전했다. 정부 예산 지원을 받아 500만 덴마크 크로네(약 8억 7440만원)를 지출했다. 참고로 이 어려운 작업을 시행한 회사는 BMS 크란가가르덴(Krangaarden)이다. 지방 관리 메테 링은 “시간당 12m보다 빨리 이동시킬 수는 없었다. 모래 위이고, 두 레일 위로만 굴러가야 해 더 신중하게 이동시켰다”며 정오쯤 작업을 끝냈다고 말했다. 다만 애초 엔지니어들은 등대 무게가 1000t은 족히 될 것이라고 예상했으나 막상 들어올려보니 720t 밖에 안돼 훨씬 작업하기 쉬웠다고 했다. 이 등대는 해마다 25만명을 끌어 모으는 유명 관광지다. 사구 위의 거대한 구조물인 데다 야경도 멋져서다. 임병선 기자 bsnim@seoul.co.kr

칠레 산티아고 이탈리아 광장에서 21일(현지시간) 불길 너머로 시위대가 정부를 규탄하고 있다. 지하철 요금 인상으로 촉발된 시위는 정부가 인상안을 철회했음에도 사회적 불평등 등 근본적인 문제로 의제가 확대되며 칠레 전역으로 확산됐다. 방화와 약탈 등 폭력 시위와 경찰의 강경 진압으로 주말 새 11명이 사망하는 등 인명 피해도 잇따랐다. 정부는 이날 시위대의 폭력 행위를 비판하고 야간통행금지령을 내리는 등 강경 대응으로 일관했다. 산티아고 EPA 연합뉴스

칠레 산티아고 이탈리아 광장에서 21일(현지시간) 불길 너머로 시위대가 정부를 규탄하고 있다. 지하철 요금 인상으로 촉발된 시위는 정부가 인상안을 철회했음에도 사회적 불평등 등 근본적인 문제로 의제가 확대되며 칠레 전역으로 확산됐다. 방화와 약탈 등 폭력 시위와 경찰의 강경 진압으로 주말 새 11명이 사망하는 등 인명 피해도 잇따랐다. 정부는 이날 시위대의 폭력 행위를 비판하고 야간통행금지령을 내리는 등 강경 대응으로 일관했다. 산티아고 EPA 연합뉴스

캐나다 온타리오주(州) 마컴에서 유기농 딸기·사과 농장을 운영하는 농부 데이브 파사피우메는 몇 년 전 한 컨퍼런스에서 작물의 병충해를 억제하는 실험으로 꿀벌이나 호박벌을 고용할 농부들을 찾는 한 기업 관계자들과 만났을 때 그간 종종 피해를 봤던 일이 떠올라 그들의 제안을 받아들였다. 당시 파사피우메는 이 실험이 어떤 결과를 가져올지 잘 몰랐었지만, 예전보다 훨씬 더 많은 작물을 수확하게 되면서 그때부터 지금까지 거의 여덟 번이나 벌들을 고용하고 있다고 말했다. 이는 같은 주(州) 미시소거에 본사를 둔 신생기업 ‘비 벡터링 테크놀로지’(BVT)가 개발한 유기농 농약 기술 덕분이다. 지난 8월 말, 미국 환경보호청(EPA)으로부터 판매 승인을 얻은 BVT의 이 기술은 농약 살포기를 이용하는 기존 화학 농약과 달리 독성이 거의 없는 자연 발생 균 기생균인 크로노스타치스 로세아(Clonostachys rosea)에서 유래한 화합물 ‘CR7’을 이용한다. CR7은 감자잎마름병과 감귤검은무늬병 등 작물에 피해를 주는 여러 균류를 공격한다.BVT는 ‘벡토라이트’라는 이름으로 출시될 이 농약 분말로 채운 특수한 트레이(쟁반)를 호박벌이나 꿀벌의 벌통 내부에 설치하는 방법으로 그 안에서 벌들이 기어다닐 때 다리에 묻게 하고 근처 작물의 꽃에 날아갔을 때 옮겨 병충해를 막게 했다. 심지어 이 과정은 작물을 보호하는 데 필요한 일반 농약의 1.3%밖에 필요하지 않아 매우 효율적이다. 만일 더 많은 벡토라이트를 방사하려면 호박벌을 고용하면 된다. 호박벌은 특히 더 다양한 기후 조건에서도 적응할 수 있다고 BVT는 덧붙였다. 이런 획기적인 농약 살포 시스템은 딸기와 사과 외에도 당근, 양파, 토마토, 블루베리, 체리, 유채꽃, 해바라기 등 곤충 수분을 매개로 하는 다양한 작물에 적용할 수 있으며, 장비와 약품 그리고 물을 덜 필요로 해 비용 마저 절약할 수 있다. 심지어 이 농약은 현재 전 세계적으로 큰 문제가 되고 있는 벌집군집붕괴현상(CCD)을 막는 수단이 될 수 있다는 기대를 안고 있다. EPA의 승인으로 이 농약이 벌들에게 해를 끼치지 않는 것으로 입증됐기 때문이다. 전 세계 식량 공급에 큰 피해를 끼칠 우려가 있는 CCD는 대부분 일벌이 벌집에서 여왕벌과 몇몇 벌을 남겨두고 사라지는 현상인데 지금까지 연구에서는 화학 농약이 주요 원인으로 지목돼 왔다. 따라서 이번 농약이 대중화되면 CCD 문제가 자연히 해결될지도 모른다는 것이다. BVT는 EPA 승인 절차의 일환으로 자사 기술이 다 자란 벌과 유충에 미치는 영향을 살피기 위한 여러 연구를 시행했으며 실험에 쓰인 벌들을 추적하기 위해 상업 양봉가들과 협력했다고 밝혔다. 이에 대해 애시시시 말라크 BVT 최고경영자(CEO)는 “상업 양봉업자들과 협력하고 있으므로, 만일 부작용이 있었다면 자동적으로 우리 회사는 문을 닫았을 것”이라고 말했다. 하지만 벌을 연구하는 몇몇 연구자는 BVT의 기술이 벌들에게 해가 되는지 살피기 위해 제공된 정보가 부족하다는 이유로 언급을 피했다. 미네소타대 곤충학과 전 교수인 말라 스피박 박사는 인터뷰를 거절했지만, 벌들의 건강을 위해 균류가 어떤 위험성을 내포하고 있느지 좀 더 연구해볼 필요는 있을 것 같다고 말했다. 이제 BVT는 EPA 승인으로 미국의 농부들에게 벡토라이트의 판매를 시작하고 캐나다를 포함한 여러 나라에서도 승인을 추진할 계획이다. 윤태희 기자 th20022@seoul.co.kr

한국 피겨 여자 싱글 임은수가 20일(현지시간) 미국 라스베이거스에서 열린 국제빙상경기연맹(ISU) 피겨스케이팅 그랑프리 대회에서 멋진 연기를 펼치고 있다. 이날 임은수는 총점 184.50으로 12명 선수 중 5위에 올랐다. AP·EPA 연합뉴스

16일 필리핀 남부 만다나오섬에서 규모 6.4의 강진이 발생해 7살 어린이를 포함해 최소 5명이 사망하고 60여명이 부상을 입었다. 필리핀은 ‘불의 고리’로 불리는 환태평양 지진대에 속해 있어 연중 크고 작은 지진이 자주 일어난다. 사진은 만다나오섬 남부 항구도시인 제너럴산토스의 한 쇼핑몰에서 불이 나 연기가 피어오르는 모습을 드론으로 촬영한 것. 제너럴산토스 EPA 연합뉴스

한국과 인도네시아가 포괄적경제동반자협정(CEPA) 실질 타결을 공식 선언했다. 정부의 핵심 통상정책인 신남방정책에 따른 동남아시아국가연합(아세안) 국가와의 양자협상이 첫 결실을 맺은 것이다. 철강, 자동차, 석유화학 등 국내 수출 주력 품목의 인도네시아 진출이 수월해질 전망이다. 유명희 통상교섭본부장과 인도네시아 무역부 엥가르띠아스토 루키타 장관은 16일 인도네시아 자카르타에서 “한국과 인도네시아 간 CEPA가 실질 타결됐다”고 선언했다. 인도네시아는 문재인 대통령의 아세안 첫 순방 국가이자 최근 개시한 아세안 양자협상 국가 중 첫 번째로 성과를 낸 나라가 됐다. CEPA는 자유무역협정의 하나로 양국 간 상품, 인력 이동뿐 아니라 포괄적 교류, 협력까지 포함한다. 주요 내용을 보면 한국은 수입 품목 중 95.5%를, 인도네시아는 93.0%의 관세를 철폐했다. 열연강판(관세율 5%), 냉연강판(5~15%), 도금강판(5~15%)과 합성수지(5%), 자동차 및 부품(5%) 등 주요 품목에 대해 발효 이후 즉시 무관세가 적용된다. 섬유와 기계부품 등 중소기업의 품목도 상당수 관세를 즉시 철폐하기로 했다. 민감성이 높은 주요 농수임산물은 양허 제외 등으로 보호한다. 서비스·투자 부문에서는 한·아세안 자유무역협정(FTA) 대비 서비스시장 개방 수준을 대폭 확대하고 한국 투자자가 인도네시아 시장에 진출할 경우 보호 수준을 높였다. 이를 위해 온라인게임, 도소매 유통, 건설 서비스 등 한국의 관심 분야를 신규 개방하고 인도네시아 외국인 투자 지분 제한율을 개선했다. 과학기술·소프트웨어(SW)·로봇 등 고급 전문인력은 양국 간 원활한 이동이 가능하게 했다. 양국은 연내 최종 타결을 선언할 방침이다. 최선을 기자 csunell@seoul.co.kr

12일 제19호 태풍 하비기스가 일본에 접근하고 있는 가운데 일본 시즈오카(靜岡)현 이치하라(市原)시에서 돌풍에 의해 차량이 넘어지고 주택이 파손됐. 2019.10.12 AP·EPA·교도 연합뉴스

12일(현지시간) 환경단체 ‘멸종저항(Extinction Rebellion)’ 활동가들이 호주 멜버른에서 시위행진을 벌이고 있다. EPA 연합뉴스

9일(현지시간) 멕시코 멕시코시티에서 열린 패션위크에서 멕시코 디자이너 다니엘라 빌라의 컬렉션을 모델이 선보이고 있다. EPA 연합뉴스

시판 하산(네덜란드)이 6일(한국시간) 카타르 도하 칼리파 스타디움에서 열린 2019 세계육상선수권대회 여자 1500m 결선에서 3분51초95의 기록으로 우승한 뒤 네덜란드 국기를 손에 들고 울음을 터뜨리고 있다. 1993년 에티오피아 아다마에서 태어난 하산은 2008년 고향을 떠나 난민 신분으로 네덜란드 에인트호번에 정착했고 2013년 네덜란드 국적을 취득했다. 하산은 지난달 29일 여자 1만m 우승에 이어 개인 시즌 최고 기록으로 1500m 정상에 섰다. 도하 EPA 연합뉴스

2019 미스 어스 참가자들이 2일(현지시간) 필리핀 마닐라에서 열린 언론 발표에서 사진을 찍기 위해 플래카드를 들고 포즈를 취하고 있다. 전 세계 80명의 젊은 여성들이 국제 미인 대회를 위해 마닐라에 모였다. 미인대회는 환경 옹호의 수단이기도 하다. 제 19회 미스 어스 미인 대회는 2019년 10월 26일 필리핀 나가에서 열릴 예정이다. AP·EPA 연합뉴스

[The 2019 Migrant Report]For the past 10 years, suicides in Nepali migrant workers working at farms and factories in South Korea have continued. In recent years, labor and medical groups in the country have begun to pay close attention to figure out why they are particularly at risk. “It cannot be explained by a single factor. Instead, there is a web complex reasons to trap migrant workers towards an extreme choice,” said Jeong Young-seob, Co-director of Migrants Act. In August, the Seoul Shinmun in collaboration with Green Hospital‘s Labor, Environment, Health Research Center and the Migrants Trade Union conducted a survey titled ’Stress and Mental Health Status‘, in which 141 migrant workers from Nepal took part. The survey was done through a paper and face-to-face interview. We also analyzed existing reports authored by the Government of Nepal “Labor Migration for Employment?A Status Report for Nepal: 2018” as well as by the International Labor Organization “When the safety of Nepali migrant workers fails (2016)”. We also studied additional statistics on migrant workers’ suicide published by the Embassies of Vietnam, Nepal, Thailand and Myanmar. As a result, we found that there are four major factors that make Nepali migrant workers in South Korea more vulnerable: ▲gap between expectation and reality ▲ lack of exit ▲high expectations from loved ones ▲ ruined relationships at home. When these four factors are mixed with one another, they could lead to a whirlwind consequence. # Great Expectations = Great Disappointments The first risk factor is Nepali migrant workers’ high expectation of South Korea. To aspiring Nepali migrant workers, South Korea is a land of opportunity, where they could earn five to eight times more monthly income than what they could earn in their home country. For this economic advantage, even highly educated young Nepalis including university-degree holders strive to get an E-9 visa to South Korea. When they finally come, however, they often struggle with harsh labor conditions and dehumanizing discrimination. According to the survey mentioned earlier, 28 percent of the respondents cited a huge gap between the reality of their work in Korea and the expectation they had in Nepal as the biggest source of frustration. A couple of Nepali migrant workers shared their experience with the Seoul Shinmun. Surendra(28·fake name) has been working at a mushroom farm for three years in Korea. He graduated from Tribhuvan University, one of the top universities in Nepal. “Before I came here, I was just excited about being able to earn 2 to 3 million won a month. I did not have a clear understanding of working and living conditions here. The reality, however, is very different from my imagination.” He then added, “Working for straight 12 hours without any real break is something that we rarely experience in Nepal. Nevertheless, I would feel much more satisfied if I were at least learning some skills. But all I have been doing here is simple manual labor.” According to our status survey, nearly 45.6 percent of the respondents answered that they work longer than 52 hours a week. 19.1 percent even said they work more than 60 hours a week, which is counted as one of the criteria for chronic overwork. Among the respondents, only 26.1 percent could take advantage of a 5-day workweek. # No Exit After working in South Korea for 16 months, Nepali migrant worker Shrestha(27) jumped from the rooftop of his company dorm building in June 2017. He had been suffering from serious insomnia as he struggled to adjust himself to alternating shifts between day and night. Before he committed suicide, Shrestha left a note. He wrote: “I have been seeing doctors for health problems and sleep disorders. It did not improve. I wanted to quit and find another work but the company did not allow it. I wanted to go back to Nepal for recovery, but the company said no.” Similar stories have been confirmed through the status survey. 71.1 percent of the respondents answered they have tried to find another workplace. Their reasons for wanting to find new work was similar to that of Shrestha. 36.4 percent cited long working hours and dangerous working conditions. Migrant workers who come to South Korea under the employment permit system are allowed to change workplaces up to three times within a three-year period. But it requires permission from their current employer. Lawyer Choi Jeong-Kyu said, ”If an employer gives permission to one worker, then he or she has to do the same for the others. For small-sized factories and farms depend on migrant workers, and employers are reluctant to let go of their labor force. Thus, the system inherently makes it difficult for migrant workers to find new employment, even after serious abuses, unless they could find assistance from labor unions or migrant organization.“ # Heavy Shoulders No matter how harsh and hostile it is, returning to Nepal is not an option for many of them. It had not been easy for them to come to Korea in the first place. But as long as they carry the weight of their family‘s expectation on their shoulder, it’s even more difficult to go back. This emotional burden coming from the family and community pressure is a significant factor. According to the report by the Nepali government, all 17 people who committed suicide between 2008 and 2014 were bearing the responsibility to provide for their families. ”People in Nepal don‘t pay much attention to the stories about wage theft or workers getting beaten up. If migrant workers go back, the villagers would criticize them for forsaking a great opportunity to earn 3 million won a month. People will laugh at their failure and brand them weak. Caught between a rock and a hard place, many Nepali migrant workers end up with suicide,“ explained Udaya Rai, head of the Migrants Trade Union(MTU), who is also from Nepal. Gokul Sharma(21) said he came to Korea for the happiness of his family. Yet, he was afraid of getting disapproving looks from his neighbors. Most of the people in Nepal agree with this analysis. In addition, Nepali youths invest a lot of time and money to make their ’Korean Dream‘ come true. ”In order to come to South Korea, many of us first have to borrow some money and take the Test of Proficiency in Korean“ added Sunita(41), who has been running a resting place for Nepali migrants for 10 years in Cheongju City. # Ruined Relationship What sustains migrant workers despite their harsh labor is their family and loved ones. However, when the relationship collapses, it shakes up all the rest. Tej bahadur Gurung(29) had two friends who chose suicide due to relationship problems. One person’s case involved family issues while the other one involved a romantic relationship. Khan Bahadur Gurung(45·fake name) recalled his experience, too. ”I had to deal with a family issue while I was working non-stop in Korea. I couldn‘t afford to go back to take care of the problem. That really tormented me.“ Dr. Kapil B. Dahal from the Department of Anthropology at Tribhuvan University underlined relative naivety and lack of experience of Nepali youths. Dr. Dahal said he was also aware of the suicide problem of Nepali migrant workers in South Korea. Meeting with the Seoul Shinmun at his house in Kathmandu on August 29th, he explained how it is a huge pressure for them to go abroad and make money for the family, especially considering how young they are. Dr. Dahal pointed out that there have been little studies dedicated to Nepali migrant workers’ suicide. In fact, the Korean Ministry of Justice keeps a track record of low-skilled migrant workers‘ deaths in Korea country by country. But its focus is on numbers, not the causes of their deaths. It means we do not have sufficient data to comprehend their unexpected deaths. ”Perhaps not as many as in South Korea, but Nepali migrant workers in the Middle East and Europe also commit suicides. Yet the Nepali Government and politicians don’t do anything. Nepali migrant workers make a great contribution to the country‘s economy. However, their health conditions are overlooked and their suicides are ignored,“ said Dr. Dahal as he criticized the indifference of the government. An official at the Nepali Embassy in Seoul told the Seoul Shinmun that they had made a request to their government for a research subsidy but there had been no progress. The person said, ”Yet, we do offer counseling services for migrant workers’ mental health.“ Udaya Rai of the MTU questioned its effectiveness. He said, ”You know they are not interested in addressing the fundamental problem of these deaths and suicides. They only fear that the South Korean government might slash quota for the employment permit system if we start to speak up about these problems. That‘s why they stay silent and hurriedly send bodies back to Nepal.“ Kathmandu·Dong kharka·Pokhara Ki Mindo key5088@seoul.co.krEnglish Translation: Lee Myungju ana.myungjulee@gmail.com ▶The Seoul Shinmun plans to cover more in-depth stories involving migrant workers, marriage migrants and migrant children in South Korea. If you have experienced or witnessed wage theft, uncompensated workplace injuries, verbal and/or physical abuses, we are waiting for your news tips. Email: key5088@seoul.or.kr Also, get in touch with more news tips and stories on bullying and any form of discrimination against marriage migrants and migrant children. Your news tips will strictly remain anonymous and protected.

[The 2019 Migrant Report]In the past 10 years(2009-2018), 43 people out of 143 Nepali migrants who died in South Korea took their own lives- meaning 3 out of 10 deaths involved suicides. The Seoul Shinmun confirmed the figure through the Embassy of Nepal in Seoul and found out most of the cases involved migrant workers who entered the country with E-9 visa. Yet, a bigger tragedy lurks behind their unsung deaths as neither the Government of South Korea nor the Government of Nepal pays much attention to these recurring problems. In 2018, Nepal sent the largest number of non-professional or low-skilled migrant workers(8,404) to South Korea. Obviously, they come to this country for the so-called ‘Korean Dream’. But then, why did so many of them have to die on South Korean soil? From August 26th to September 2nd, the Seoul Shinmun met with some forty people in cities throughout Nepal -such as Kathmandu, Dong Kharka and Pokhara. These people included family members of migrant workers as well as Nepali youths who were dreaming of coming to South Korea to work one day. Three Stories of Betrayed Korean Dreams #Kedar Timalsina(28) An adult-size coffin wrapped with cardboard boxes and plastic tapes was carried out of the Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu. Inside the coffin lay a 28-year-old man named Kedar Timalsina. When his body was found around midnight on July 20th in Saha District, Busan, he was already dead as he apparently hanged himself in the storage of a seafood processing factory. Waiting for him at the airport arrival site were some men from Kedar’s family. “This paper doesn‘t say anything about why Kedar killed himself,” they mumbled among themselves while sifting through the pages of the simple document sent from South Korean police. Kedar’s family said they did not understand why he had to make such an extreme choice to kill himself. It had been only 25 days since his wife Bandana Timalsina gave birth to their first son. The newborn looked like his father. “You know, I even heard Kedar threw a big party to celebrate the birth of this baby. Why would such a man kill himself? It doesn’t make any sense,” said Bandana’s older brother. Besides, Kedar had an aging mother who just turned 60 and would need his care more than before. What further frustrated the grieving family was the abhorring silence and indifference. Neither South Korea nor Nepal provided an adequate explanation. The Embassy of Nepal in Seoul and South Korean police seemed they were done with the case since they had returned the body to his family. South Korean police never investigated surveillance cameras installed in the factory or carried out forensics on Kedar’s mobile phone. The police said, “We found no evidence of murder on his body. Moreover, we understand he had a clear motivation to commit suicide.” “How can they not even review the CCTV and mobile phone? Is this how South Korea handles things?” Bandana‘s older brother asked a Korean reporter sitting in front of them. According to South Korean police, on the other hand, Kedar’s family was the “clear motivation” behind his suicide. Citing a statement made by Kedar’s co-worker, the police explained that Kedar had recently purchased some land, which turned out to be a fraud. “It’s a lie!” Listening to the Korean reporter relaying what he had heard from the police, Kedar’s family got furious. They insisted, “He bought the land a year ago for 2.90 million rupees (roughly 30 million Korean won) but now the price has gone up to 4.35 million rupees (roughly 43.5 million Korean won).” None of Kedar’s personal belongings were returned to his family. The police said, ”The Nepali Embassy told us that his family did not want his items back.“ The family‘s account was different. They said they had never communicated with the Embassy about Kedar’s personal belongings. ”We are responsible for confirming the identity and death certificate in order to promptly return the body back to his family in Nepal. The Embassy does not send back items unless they are important,“ the Embassy of Nepal replied when asked about it. On the day of the arrival, the family took Kedar’s body to the Bagmati River, an important tributary of the Ganges. When Bandana opened the cover of the coffin to see her husband for the last time, she burst into tears caressing his face. ”Why… What should I do with our baby?“ Kedar’s family moistened his mouth with water from the Ganges and put fire into the mouth to cremate. It took 4 hours for the fire to consume his body. With Kedar’s ‘Korean Dream’, all was gone.# Bal Bahadur Gurung(32) ”He really loved the children. These kids remind me of my husband every time I see them,“ said Lili Maya Gurung(28) thrusting a tissue under her sunglasses. The Seoul Shinmun met her in Pokhara in central Nepal. Lili Maya‘s husband Bal Bahadur Gurung forced himself off the Wolleung Bridge in Jungnang District, Seoul, on June 12th, 2018. He died immediately after being hit by a passing vehicle. CCTV footage showed Bal Bahadur walking back-and-forth over the bridge several times. He seemed nervous. He hesitated. But nothing would change the fact that he had just become an ‘unregistered’ migrant two days ago. He feared deportation. Bal Bahadur entered South Korea with a proper work visa in October 2017. In the following March, however, he left the company and registered himself at the Ministry of Labor to find another work. Migrant workers automatically lose their right to stay in the country if they fail to secure employment within three months. Bal Bahadur went back to Nepal to spend a short time with his family then came back to South Korea. Unfortunately, he had no luck in finding work. Time marched on inexorably until his three months were up. He became an unregistered or illegal migrant. That night, Bal Bahadur had no money. Later, a message found on his mobile phone showed that he had been trying to borrow some money from his co-worker. ”Had he owned some money, do you think he could have been able to get a taxi to go home in Suwon and lived?“ Lili Maya came to South Korea to take care of the remains of her husband by herself. “Unfortunately, many people in Nepal can’t afford to come to Korea even if a family member dies here. Still, the Nepali Embassy does nothing about it,” sighed another Nepali, Lama Dawa Pasang(43), who had been helping Lili Maya during her visit. Lili Maya’s neighbors often ask her, “Your husband looked so happy when he was visiting you two months before he passed away. What happened to that happy man? What happened in South Korea?” Shocked by his youngest son’s tragic death, Bal Bahadur’s father -a former soldier- is suffering from amnesia. In Nepal, when a family member dies, they make an altar at home to display a photo of the deceased and burn incense every morning and evening. ”Mom, we only do this for dead people. Did Daddy die?“ Lili Maya’s seven-year-old daughter asked. “No, your father has gone abroad to work,” replied Lili Maya. But that did not stop Lili Maya from crying. “I want to die, too. But when I think of these poor children, I can’t.”# Dhan Raj Ghala(40) “I am enocent. I have no mistake. Company cheating me. I am no crazy […] company take my signiture [...] please investigation please” This is part of Dhan Raj Ghala’s letter, hand-written in English. He apparently died as a result of a suicide by hanging in June 2011 while working at a futon factory in Dalseo District, Daegu City. Dhan, who first came to South Korea in September 2010, even had a plane ticket booked to go back to Nepal. But, for some reason, he still ended up with the same tragic choice. Upon seeing a Korean reporter on August 31st in their home in Pokhara, Dhan’s wife Man Maya Ghala(48) and Dhan’s younger brother Bhim Raj Ghala(36) began talking about what had happened 8 years ago. Bhim said he had to go to South Korea because he could not let his brother go without knowing why he had to die there. To Bhim, his older brother was a man who loved his family more than anything and a hard-working person. “After seeing the letters, I thought Dhan must have been bullied at work,” Bhim explained. “He could have suffered from depression after learning he had signed something without knowing what it was. In the letter, he was worried that the company did something bad.” Dhan left another short letter written in Nepali, as well. He wrote, “I’ve done nothing wrong. I once fought with another worker from Mongolia. I don’t know what that Mongolian guy told Korean people… (The company) is cheating me.” Similar letters had also been sent twice to a manager of the company, in which Dhan wrote, “We used to talk to each other. But you don’t talk to me these days. I don’t understand. Please tell me why.” The company, however, denied the claims made by Dhan. They insisted that there was no bullying and that Dhan had never signed any document. It’s been told Dhan found Korea’s alternating shifts between day and night extremely difficult. Since mid-April, Dhan had been only given night shift for two months until his death. “My husband told me he could not sleep when he was working night shifts,” Man Maya explained. A source at a labor union said, “Dhan could have been very stressed due to night shifts and workplace bullying. When the company sounded as if they were to fire him, he must have felt extremely pressured.” In Nepal, when fathers bring gifts from overseas, they share it with neighbors. “When my children received their portion, they looked rather sad. They must have thought of their late-father,” Man Maya’s voice trembled as she recalled how it wounded her children. Her daughter and son were ten and five, respectively, at the time of their father’s death. Now they’ve grown to become a college student and a middle school student. ”I will never forgive those people who did wrong things to my father,“ Dhan‘s son vows to take revenge whenever the absence of his father strikes him. The siblings made a promise to each other not to go abroad no matter what. Nevertheless, Man Maya and Bhim said they did not hate Koreans. “You see in South Korea, as well as in Nepal, there are good people and bad people. Sadly, my husband met bad people. I don’t want to blame all Koreans because of them. Still, I want those bad ones to be punished.” Kathmandu·Dong kharka·Pokhara Ki Mindo key5088@seoul.co.krEnglish Translation: Lee Myungju ana.myungjulee@gmail.com ▶The Seoul Shinmun plans to cover more in-depth stories involving migrant workers, marriage migrants and migrant children in South Korea. If you have experienced or witnessed wage theft, uncompensated workplace injuries, verbal and/or physical abuses, we are waiting for your news tips. Email: key5088@seoul.or.kr Also, get in touch with more news tips and stories on bullying and any form of discrimination against marriage migrants and migrant children. Your news tips will strictly remain anonymous and protected.

Unusually high 30 percent suicide rate ofNepali non-skilled migrant workers in South Korea...“Fallen to the lowest rung of the workforce ladder,the highly educated are frustrated by harsh labor conditionsand discrimination” Migrants. Are they a solution to smooth out the approaching demographic cliff or are they a problem to exacerbate already tough employment and marriage prospects? Currently, there are 2.42 million migrant workers, marriage migrants and migrant children living in South Korea. This number has grown by 1.25 million in the past 10 years. In reality, local farms and factories cannot function without migrant workforces. Yet, many still brand migrant workers as “job snatchers”. Also, the so-called “multicultural family”, which consists of a Korean local married to a foreign spouse, makes up about 2 percent of the total population, with the number of individual family members surpassing one million. Nevertheless, many people still stigmatize marriage migrant women with scam marriages and view them with contempt. The Seoul Shinmun‘s Special Feature Reporting titled ’The 2019 Migrant Report: Betrayed Korean Dreams‘ will bring you a series of articles on ▲migrant workers ▲marriage migrant women ▲migrant children as we have been working to expose the discriminatory reality and debunk some of the groundless blames against them. The first episodes will shed light on systematic loopholes as they focus on young migrant workers who came to South Korea with their hearts filled with ’Korean Dreams‘ but ended up committing suicide.Suicides of Nepali migrant workers particularly deserve attention. According to the data that the Seoul Shinmun obtained from the Embassy of Nepal in Seoul, from 2009 to 2018, there were a total of 143 deaths of Nepali people on South Korean soil. Among them, 43 people committed suicides, accounting for 30.1 percent. Most of these deaths involved E-9 non-professional employment visa holders who had been employed at farms and factories that suffer a chronic labor shortage. While these tragic deaths repeat every year, the South Korean government does not have a clue why so many migrant workers make such an extreme choice. In contrast, when we looked at the cases of migrant workers from other countries such as Myanmar, there was a total of 51 deaths and 4 involved suicide, from 2011 to August 2019. Suicides rate is relatively low among Vietnamese migrant workers. There was zero suicide out of the 14 deaths from 2017 to August 2019. All these numbers have been confirmed with respective embassies. Seo Seonyoung, a Sociology researcher at Yonsei University says, “Nepali migrant workers who come to South Korea under the employment permit system tend to be highly educated.” Seo also notes how their families have great expectation for them. “But as soon as they step into the workplace, they would find themselves fallen to the lowest rung of the workforce ladder and the unbearable stress could eventually force them to commit suicide.” There are growing voices calling for a systematic improvement to end the vicious cycle. The South Korean government has been endeavoring to strengthen ties and cooperation with ASEAN countries as part of its ’New Southern Policy‘. Also, migrant workers are needed to compensate for the labor shortage. Hong Sung Soo, Law professor at Sookmyung Women’s University says, “Discrimination and xenophobic reactions towards migrants are not only inappropriate but also not clever at all if we consider our industrial and demographic realities.” Kathmandu·Dong kharka·Pokhara Ki Mindo key5088@seoul.co.krEnglish Translation : Lee Myungju ana.myungjulee@gmail.com ▶The Seoul Shinmun plans to cover more in-depth stories involving migrant workers, marriage migrants and migrant children in South Korea. If you have experienced or witnessed wage theft, uncompensated workplace injuries, verbal and/or physical abuses, we are waiting for your news tips. Email: key5088@seoul.or.kr Also, get in touch with more news tips and stories on bullying and any form of discrimination against marriage migrants and migrant children. Your news tips will strictly remain anonymous and protected.

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셀럽들이 26일(현지시간) 모나코에서 열린 ‘the 3rd Monte-Carlo Gala for the Global Ocean 2019’에 참석해 포즈를 취하고 있다. EPA·AFP 연합뉴스