공기주입식 구조물의 표면에서 나타나는 구겨짐을 제어해 하나의 구조물에서 여러 형태를 구현하는 연구가 국제 학술지 ‘Advanced Science’ 2026년 8월호 커버로 소개됐다. MIT Media Lab 박사과정에 재학 중인 윤혜준 연구원은 이번 논문에 공동 제1저자로 이름을 올렸다. 논문 제목은 ‘Reconfigurable Inflatables Through Controlled Surface Crumpling’으로, 공기주입식 구조물에서 발생하는 구겨짐(crumpling)을 의도적으로 제어해 형태 변화를 유도하는 설계 방법을 제안한다. 기존 공기주입식 구조물은 내부에 공기를 넣으면 사전에 설계된 형태로 팽창하고, 공기를 빼면 다시 이전 상태로 돌아가는 방식이 일반적이다. 연구팀은 여기서 한발 더 나아가 표면에 구겨짐이 만들어지는 위치와 방향을 조절함으로써 동일한 구조물이 서로 다른 형태를 구현할 수 있는 방법을 연구했다. 특히 구조적 결함으로 여겨질 수 있는 구겨짐 현상을 형태 변화를 만들어 내는 설계 요소로 활용한 것이 특징이다. 연구팀은 이를 통해 하나의 구조물이 복수의 안정적인 형태를 유지할 수 있는 ‘다중안정성(multistability)’을 구현했다. 이번 연구는 윤 연구원이 하버드대학교 디자인대학원(GSD) 석사과정에 재학할 당시 하버드 공학 및 응용과학대학원(SEAS) Bertoldi Group 연구진과 협업해 진행됐다. 연구진은 이러한 설계 원리가 향후 형태와 움직임을 변화시켜야 하는 소프트 로봇을 비롯해 가변형 건축 구조물, 의료 및 환경 관련 분야 등에 적용될 가능성이 있다고 설명했다. 윤 연구원은 디자인과 소재·공학 분야를 접목한 연구 활동을 이어 오고 있다. 25세에 Red Dot Design Award, iF Design Award, IDEA 등 국제 디자인상을 수상했으며, 2022년에는 미국 Forbes가 선정한 ‘Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia’에 이름을 올렸다. 당시 Forbes는 재료공학을 기반으로 인터랙티브 디자인과 사용자 경험을 연구하는 디자이너로 윤 연구원을 소개했다. 현재는 MIT Media Lab의 Tangible Media Group에서 Hiroshi Ishii 교수의 지도를 받으며 프로그래머블 소재와 형태 변형 인터페이스를 주제로 박사과정을 진행하고 있다. 윤 연구원은 이번 연구에 공동 제1저자로 참여했으며, 연구 결과가 ‘Advanced Science’ 8월호 커버에 선정되면서 디자인과 공학을 융합한 연구 성과를 선보였다. 한편 이번 연구는 미국 Army Research Office의 연방 연구지원금 W911NF-22-1-0219의 지원을 받아 수행됐다.

40th Anniversary of Korea-Pakistan Diplomatic Relations…Interview with Pakistan Ambassador to Korea Nabeel Munir This year marks the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between Korea and Pakistan. Could you tell us about your relationship with Korea? Thank you. First of all, thank you for coming and interviewing me. Pakistan and Korea established diplomatic relations in 1983 and that's why we are celebrating 40 years of our establishment of diplomatic relations. But, the actual people to people contacts between Pakistan and Korea are much older. Many of Koreans don't know that buddhism in Korea came from Pakistan. And monk marananta who brought buddhism to Korea almost 1600 years ago was came from Pakistan and his monastery is still here in Korea. In Pakistan, there is also a Buddhist monastery of Monk Marananta in the Swabi region. For the past 40 years, Korea and Pakistan have maintained good relations. During the Korean war, Pakistan supported Korea through financial support, and we were one of the top three financial supporters of Korea during the Korean war. We have an excellent economic relationship and we have a trade relationship that is more than 1.6 billion dollars.  There are many Korean big companies such as Samsung, Kia, Hyundai and Lotte in Pakistan, as well as Korean electric companies that have built hydroelectric power plants. Daewoo, which built Pakistan’s first highway in the 1980s, still have investments in Pakistan and then also on people to people contacts. There are Pakistanis who are living in Korea. There are almost 13,000 Pakistanis living in Korea. They're working in diverse fields. Many of them are students and researchers in the universities. There are Pakistanis laborers who come to Korea. Korea has the EPS and has given a quota to Pakistani laborers. Currently, Korea grants over 2,000 quotas per year to Pakistani workers under the Employment Permit System. Then, we have good defense collaboration and we have good political collaboration. After the ASEAN meeting held in Cambodia last year, the Korean foreign minister visited Pakistan along with the Pakistani foreign minister. I think there is great potential to expand cooperation in the economic aspect between the two countries in the future. We have a population of 240 million and if you compare it with Korea, that's about five times. So you can imagine how big the economy. We have a very large middle class and fortunately, the young population is very large, accounting for 65% of the total population. Korea has a declining population, but, we have one of the fastest growing populations in the world. So, I think that is also why there is human resource that we can provide to Korea as well. I mean that although we have maintained good relations already, but there is a lot of potential for further expansion in the future.Can you please tell us the history and culture that you'd like more Korean to know about Pakistan? As I said, currently, Pakistan is a young country with a population of 240 million, but it has a long history as the origin of several ancient civilizations such as the Indus Civilization. In Pakistan, relics from before the Gandhara Kingdom of 8,500 years ago still remain. So we are one of the oldest civilizations in the world. Then of course, there are stupas from thousands of years ago related to the Gandhara civilization based on Buddhism. Old cities such as Taxila remain, which were centers of art, religion and education during the heyday of Buddhist culture in the 5th century BC. Taxila, located between the Indus and Hydaspes rivers, was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980. Pakistan has five of the world's 14 highest mountains, including K2 (8611m), the second highest in the world. Nanga Parbat, which is over 8000m high, is considered a dangerous mountain to climb. Adventurous tourists can enjoy river rafting, and there are many beautiful mountains that can be climbed by normal person like me. Pakistan has three of the world's greatest mountain ranges, the Karakoram, Hindu Kush and Himalayas. And we have many tourist attractions including beautiful sandy beaches, deserts, cultural history and religious tourism that can be recognized by name. And we have beautiful four seasons. Due to geographical characteristics, even during summer, we can have a temperature of minus 20 and plus 40 at the same time. Yes, it‘s a big country. Pakistan has an area of 800,000 square kilometers which is 8 times the size of South Korea. So it's a big country. Pakistan was a British colony for 90 years from 1857 and gained independence in 1947. So, the history of the independence movement is also similar to that of Korea. We also went through difficult wars such as the Korean War. Can you introduce some tourist spots in Pakistan to Koreans that Koreans might like? Our national religion is islam, but a lot of Buddhist culture remains. The ‘Statue of Penance of Siddhartha’ in the Lahore Museum is a very important Buddha statue for Buddhists, and was sculpted around the 2nd century as a work of Gandhara art that combines Greek Hellenism and Buddhism. Takti-Bahi, a Buddhist temple built in the early 1st century, is one of the largest and best-preserved Buddhist temples. In my hometown, Lahore, you can see the buildings of the Mughal Empire, which was once the world's largest economy. The beautiful Deosai National Park is an alpine zone with an altitude of 3500 to 5200 m, and is a place of outstanding ecological value. Multan, in the Punjab province, is home to numerous archaeological sites from the early Harappan period of the Indus Valley Civilization, 3300 BC. In addition, there are the Pakistani National Faisal Mosque in the capital, Islamabad, the Mohenjodaro Archaeological Site, the oldest in South Asia, and the Cholistan Desert. The Kalasha are the smallest ethnic group in Pakistan, with only a few thousand remaining. It has been designated as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage as an ancient tribe with its own way of life, religion, and language. In Multan, a pottery craft called 'Kashi', which is called blue pottery art, is still going on. Truck art is a popular decorative form in South Asia, and truck art in Pakistan is famous for its elaborate and colorful floral patterns and calligraphy.  What should Koreans do to travel to Pakistan? Are there any safety or security issues? There are no direct flights from Korea yet, but it's not too far. There are flights via Bangkok, China, Dubai, Qatar, etc. The shortest route is via Bangkok. It takes about 4 hours from Bangkok to Pakistan. Perhaps if there is a direct flight, you can go to Pakistan in about 6 hours. There are a lot of negative media reports about security issues. There were some security issues a few years ago, but now most Pakistani cities and tourist destinations are considered safe. And also, it is not difficult to apply for a visa and make hotel reservations.   Please tell us about the Korean wave that pakistani are interested in. Korea is becoming very well known. K-pop and k-drama are popular in Pakistan. You can find a lot of BTS fans in Pakistan and my own niece can speak a little bit of Korean now because she watches K-drama through NETFLIX. K-culture is gaining popularity in Pakistan and the Korean Embassy in Pakistan is also planning an event to invite K-pop stars to Pakistan. Personally, I like Korean dramas, so I watched ‘Squid Game’ and ‘Crash Landing on You’.    What are some travel destinations you've been to in Korea so far and which travel destinations in Korea you would like to recommend to Pakistan? I think it’s Busan. I've been to Busan many times and Busan is beautiful city. I also went to the Pyeongchang Ski Resort, where the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics were held, and it was really beautiful. Also, the DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) in northern Gyeonggi Province and Pohang were also very good. Recently, I went to Jeju Island. Jeju Island is also a wonderful place.  The most memorable places in Busan are Haeundae Beach and Haedong Yonggungsa Temple. What should be done to make exchanges between Pakistan and Korea more active in the future? I believe that people to people exchange is the foundation of all relationships. When people get to know the other country then they get more interested and then everything else follows whether it's economy whether it's political context whether it's culture. The priority is for more Pakistanis to visit Korea and more Koreans to visit Pakistan. I think more Koreans need to visit Pakistan to clear up their misunderstandings and concerns about Pakistan. I always say that Pakistan is a beautiful country, a safe country to travel in, and a good place to do business that can provide very good opportunities for Korean companies.Yeah. So are you planning to have any big events or conference? Because this year marks the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relationship between Korean and Pakistan. We will be having an investment conference at Ambassador Hotel in Seoul on 27th of July for which Pakistan's minister for investment is coming. In August, a music night will be held with the support of the Seoul National Cemetery. It will be held at the outdoor theater of the National Seoul Museum. On August 11, concerts such as Arirang will be held in Pakistan. Every October, a multicultural festival held under the theme of one country is held in Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do. This year's theme is Pakistan. Pakistani musicians give a cultural performance. We are planning a music concert in Seoul in October with cultural and musicians from Pakistan. Although no date has been set yet, the Kandara exhibition is being planned with the Korean Cultural Heritage Administration and the Jogye Order.   <편집자 주>지구촌 별별 이야기를 담는 나우뉴스는 외국인 오피니언 리더들의 눈과 입을 통해 세계의 다양하고 유익한 정보를 전하는 ‘헬로 월드’를 연재하고 있습니다. 인터뷰는 유엔공식벤더로 인정받은 통역번역 전문법인 (주)제이엠 커넥티드 임지민 대표와 함께 진행합니다.  진행 임지민 통번역사·JM커넥티드 대표 jc@jmconnected.co.kr

샤픽 하샤디 주한 모로코왕국 대사 인터뷰(하)  ▷ 60년이 넘게 한국과 모로코가 친밀한 관계를 유지하고 있는 배경은 무엇인가. - 두 나라는 1962년 수교 이전부터 긴밀한 유대관계를 형성했다. 단순히 기간의 문제가 아니라 양국의 깊은 우의와 존경, 역사적 유사성 등의 결과라고 생각한다. 모로코와 한국은 국가적, 지역적, 국제적인 관심사에 대해 서로 이해하고 함께했다. 이로 인해 1962년 모로코는 아프리카 국가 중 최초로 한국 외교관계를 맺은 국가가 됐다. 이후 60년 동안 양국의 외교 관계는 꾸준히 발전해 왔다. 특히 모로코와 한국의 관계는 2022년 수교 60주년을 기념해 지난 10년 동안 지속적으로 성장하고 있다. 고위급 방문 횟수, 경제적 협력, 기술 협력, 인적 교류 등에서 유례없는 성과를 거뒀다. 지난해 7월 수교 60주년 기념 행사와 경제행사인 ‘모로코 로드쇼’ 개최, 모로코 나우(Morocco Now) 브랜드 런칭 등과 같이 정치, 경제, 문화 등에서 양국 관계는 큰 진전을 이뤄냈다. 이어 지난해 12월 서울에서 열린 양국 외교부 간 정치 협의를 개최해 양국의 미래 협력을 강화를 논의했다.  모로코와 한국은 1962년 수교를 맺었지만 양국의 인연은 더욱 거슬러 올라간다. 모로코 군인들이 유엔 프랑스 대대의 일원으로 한국전쟁에 참전했다. 두 나라는 이미 수교 10년 전에 혈육과 같은 친밀한 관계를 형성했다.  ▷ 앞으로 양국의 주요 협력 분야는. - 양국의 주요 협력 분야는 자동차 산업, 청정 에너지, 무역, 관광 및 영화 산업이다. 양국의 우수성을 바탕으로 현재와 미래의 협력 분야다.  첫째, 잠재적인 한국 투자자들에게 가장 매력적인 자동차 부문이다. 지난 10년 동안 모로코 자동차 산업은 지속적인 성장 수준으로 상승했고, 큰 기술적 진보를 이뤘다. 이로 인해 모로코는 아프리카의 첫 번째 자동차 생산국이자 유럽 연합에 대한 두 번째 자동차 수출국이 됐다. 연간 자동차 생산 능력은 70만대에 이르며 250개 이상의 자동차 회사가 국내에 설립됐다.  지리적 위치와 10억 이상의 소비자는 여러 국가 및 지역과 체결된 자유 무역 협정과 결합돼 많은 기회를 제공할 수 있다. 아프리카의 자동차 산업, 특히 하이브리드, 전기 및 수소차와 같은 높은 기술 가치가 있는 분야에서 한국의 협력을 이어갔으면 한다.  둘째, 최근 눈부신 성장을 보이고 있는 것은 항공산업이다. 배선, 기계, 판금 작업, 복합재 및 기계 조립 분야의 다양한 부문의 개발로 인해 모로코는 항공 분야 생산 기지로 선호하는 국가가 됐다.  모로코에는 140개 이상의 항공 관련 회사가 있다. 가격 경쟁력과 기술을 갖춘 공장과 노동력, 공장 및 공급업체와의 근접성, 현지 투자 자본 등을 기반으로 하고 있다. 최근 캐나다 항공기 제조사 봄바이더(Bombardier)를 비롯해, 이튼(Eaton), 헥셀(Hexcel), 스텔리아(Stelia), 알코아(Alcoa) 등과 같은 글로벌 기업들이 들어오고 있다.  모로코의 기초 연구 수준과 한국의 디지털 항공 분야 발전을 감안할 때 항공 분야의 협력은 투자자들에게 전망이 큰 분야라고 말할 수 있다.  셋째, 모로코는 기후 선도 국가로 전력의 5분의2를 재생 에너지로 공급하고 있다. 일부 화석 연료 보조금이 단계적으로 폐지되고 산업을 탈탄소화하기 위한 조치가 전 세계적으로 주목을 받았다.  모로코는 태양열, 풍력 및 수력 발전을 생산할 수 있는 엄청난 자연 잠재력을 가지고 있으며 지속 가능한 에너지 및 순배출 제로 경제로의 전 세계적 전환의 중요한 원동력이 될 수 있는 녹색 수소를 생산하기 위한 중요한 단계를 밟고 있다. 한국의 녹색 이니셔티브는 적극적인 투자와 재생 에너지 부문의 눈부신 성장으로 순조롭게 진행되고 있다. 모로코는 신재생 에너지와 청정 에너지에 관심이 있는 한국에게 훌륭하고 수익성있는 투자처다.  넷째, 코로나 팬더믹으로 인해 많은 국가들이 보건 부문과 보건 주권을 전략적 우선 순위로 설정했다. 모로코도 예외는 아니다. 모로코 제약 산업은 아프리카 대륙에서 두 번째로 큰 규모다. 정치적 안정, 자유로운 경제, 교육받은 노동력, 유럽과 미국의 품질 기준에 따라 생산하는 인증 기업의 오랜 경험을 가지고 있는 모로코는 제약 산업에 관심이 있는 한국 투자자들에게 좋은 기회다.  ▷ 모로코는 올해 10월 세계은행그룹과 국제통화기금(IMF) 연차총회를 개최하는데. - 연차총회가 오는 10월 9일부터 15일까지 모로코 중부 마라케시에서 열린다. 연차 총회는 189개 회원국의 주요 인사, 재무 장관 및 중앙 은행 총재는 물론 민간 부문, NGO, 학계, 시민 사회 및 미디어 대표가 함께 모여 경제전망, 글로벌 금융안정, 빈곤퇴치, 포용적 경제성장 및 일자리 창출, 기후변화 등 글로벌 관심사 문제를 논의한다.  1973년 케냐 나이로비에서 처음 개최된 후 아프리카에서 연차총회가 다시 열리는 중요한 총회다.  ▷ 자금세탁방지 금융대책기구(FATF)가 모로코를 관찰대상국가에서 제외했는데. - FATF는 지난 2월 파리에서 열린 총회에서 자금 세탁 및 테러자금 조달에 관여하는 ‘그레이리스트’로 알려진 관찰대상국가에서 모로코를 제외하기로 했다. 이 결정은 국왕의 지시에 따라 다양한 모로코 국가 당국 및 관련 기관이 시행한 일련의 입법, 조직, 인식 및 통제 조치에 초점을 맞춘 모로코의 노력과 적극적인 조치를 더한 것이다. 해당 목록에서 모로코를 제외하면 국가 신용등급과 국내 은행 신용등급에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것이다. 이는 국제 금융 기관과의 협상에서 모로코의 이미지와 입지를 강화할 뿐만 아니라 국가 경제에 대한 외국인 투자자의 신뢰를 강화할 것이다.   Interview with H.E. Dr. Chafik RACHADI, Ambassador of His Majesty the King of Morocco to the Republic of Korea   ▷ What is the background of the close relationship between the two countries for more than 60 years? - It should be noted that, the solid bond between the two countries, since and before the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1962, is not just a matter of longevity, but also the result of content, deep friendship, respect and historical similarities, which configured both Morocco and Korea to understand each other and to comprehend, on a same level, many issues of national, regional and international interest. Thus, in 1962, Morocco was the first African country to host Korean diplomatic representation. In the ensuing sixty years, diplomatic relations between the Kingdom of Morocco and the Republic of Korea have witnessed a steady development.  The good news is that, on top of their excellent state, the Moroccan-Korean bilateral relations, on grounds of the celebration in 2022 of the 60th anniversary of establishment of diplomatic relations, have gained tremendous momentum throughout the last decade with an ever-growing number of high-level visits, economic perspectives, technical cooperation, people-to-people exchanges and the list goes on through an unprecedented number of cooperation fields.  In this regard, I should mention the organization during last year a panoply of economic, political and cultural activities such as the holding in July 2022 of an outstanding economic event (Morocco roadshow), celebrating 60 years of diplomatic relations, and launching the new Brand Morocco Now in the Republic of Korea, as well as the holding, last December in Seoul, of bilateral political consultations between the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of both countries, strengthening the dynamics of bilateral cooperation and opening up new prospects for its consolidation in the future.  Although diplomatic relations were established in 1962, the connection between our two countries goes even further back, when several Moroccan soldiers participated in the Korean War as part of the United Nations French Battalion, defending the territorial integrity of this friendly country, which made the people of our two nations blood brothers, a decade before the establishment of diplomatic relations.  ▷ What are the major areas of cooperation and their future perspectives? - Concerning the second part of your question, the main sectors of cooperation are automotive industry, clean energies, trade, tourism and film industry. These are sectors of current, present and future cooperation since they represent areas of excellence and priorities for both countries. In this context, allow me to briefly present the various assets of Morocco in some of its areas of excellence representing an opportunity for cooperation with Korea. First, automotive sector, which is the most attractive to potential Korean investors. Over the last decade, the Moroccan automotive industry has risen to sustained levels of growth and joined the closed circle of automotive exporters. This expedited timeline illustrates the technological progress Morocco has accomplished. In this success story, the automotive sector can boast that it’s the 1st exporting sector of Morocco, knowing that Morocco is the 1st car producer in Africa and the 2nd car exporting country to European Union. In addition, the Kingdom’s car production capacity reaches 700.000 unit with more than 250 automotive companies established in the country. All these indicators combine with the strategic geographical position and the Free Trade Agreements signed with countries and regions that include more than one billion consumers, making Morocco an unsurpassed opportunity for Korean investors. Those looking for developing Korea’s presence in the automotive industry in Africa, especially areas with high technological value, such as hybrid, electric and hydrogen vehicles would do well to look into Morocco.  Second sector is aeronautical industry that has recently shown outstanding dynamism and remarkable growth. The development of varied sectors, especially in wiring, mechanics, sheet metal work, composites and mechanical assembly, has made Morocco a preferred destination for subcontracting in aeronautics. Today, the Moroccan aeronautic industry is made up of more than 140 companies, and its major success is based on four conditions: competitively priced qualified labor, availability of qualified subcontractors, proximity to factories and suppliers, and availability of local investment capital. The recent establishment of other global players, such as Bombardier, Eaton, Hexcel, Stelia and Alcoa, confirms Morocco's ability to attract industry leaders.  Given the quality of basic research in Morocco and the decision to prioritize the development of the digital aeronautical sector in Korea, we can say that cooperation in the field of aeronautics offers major prospects for investors.  Third, making a name for itself as a climate leader, Morocco sources almost two-fifths of its electricity capacity from renewable energy. It lays claim to some of the world's largest clean energy projects as some fossil fuel subsidies have been phased out and its actions to decarbonize industries have received worldwide praise.  Morocco has a huge natural potential to produce solar, wind and hydropower, and is taking significant steps to produce green hydrogen, which could be a critical enabler of the global transition to sustainable energy and net zero emissions economies.  Considering these factors, Morocco is surely a great and profitable investment destination for Korean investors interested in renewable and clean energies. Korea’s own green initiatives are on the right track with active investment and impressive growth in the renewable energy sector, and those looking forward to expansion will find Morocco a green ally.  Fourth, as you know, the Covid-19 pandemic has rearranged priorities in the public policies of every country, with many nations setting the health sector and health sovereignty as strategic priorities. Morocco is no exception in this matter.  Today, Moroccan pharmaceutical industry ranks second in the African continent and constitutes the second largest chemical industry in Morocco after phosphate (Morocco is the world’s largest exporter of this natural resource).  Enjoying political stability, a liberal economy, and an educated workforce, as well as having a long experience with certified companies producing according to European and American quality standards, Morocco is a great opportunity for Korean investors interested in the pharmaceutical industry.     ▷ Morocco is hosting this year the Annual Meetings of the World Bank Group and the InternatioalMonetary Fund from 9th till 15th October in Marrakesh. Can you tell us about this event ? - These Annual Meetings brings together leading figures, Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors from 189 member countries of these institutions, as well as representatives of the private sector, NGOs, academia, civil society and media, to discuss issues of global concern, including the world economic outlook, global financial stability, poverty eradication, inclusive economic growth and job creation, climate change, and others.   This choice is highly symbolic as it marks the return of these Annual Meetings to Africa after having been held for the first time in Nairobi (Kenya) in 1973. Given the high level of stakeholder participation, the 2023 Annual Meetings offer the opportunity for the Kingdom to strengthen its attractiveness and promote its image: a stable and tolerant, open and dynamic country, rich in its intangible heritage, secular history, culture, gastronomy, and also marked by the progress made over the last 20 years at the democratic, social and economic levels.  ▷ We have read that the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) has decided to remove Morocco from the 'grey list'. Can you tell us a little bit about this issue ? - The FATF's decision to remove Morocco from the enhanced monitoring process, known as “grey list”, taken during its General Assembly, held in Paris last February, comes after assessing the compliance of the Moroccan national system with international standards relating to the fight against money laundering and terrorist financing.  This decision crowns the efforts and proactive actions of Morocco, pursuant to His Majesty the King’s directives, which have focused on a series of legislative, organizational, awareness and control measures, implemented by the various Moroccan national authorities and institutions concerned, under the coordination of the National Financial Intelligence Authority.  Morocco’s removal from the said list will have a positive impact on sovereign ratings and local banks’ ratings. It will strengthen Morocco’s image and its positioning in negotiations with international financial institutions, as well as the confidence of foreign investors in the national economy.  진행 임지민 통번역사·JM커넥티드 대표 jc@jmconnected.co.kr

국내 체육시민단체가 토마스 바흐 국제올림픽위원회(IOC) 위원장에게 국내 체육을 담당하는 대한체육회(KSOC)와 국제 체육을 담당하는 대한올림픽위원회(KOC)로의 분리가 한국 체육계 인권을 위한 대책임을 설명하는 편지를 보냈다. 철인3종 선수 사망 사건 진상조사 스포츠 구조개혁을 위한 공동대책위원회, 국제민주연대, 문화연대, 스포츠인권연구소, 인권과스포츠, 인권네트워크 바람, 전국체육교사모임, 체육시민연대는 21일 바흐 IOC 위원장에게 편지를 써 대한체육회가 우리나라 스포츠 인권 현실을 바로잡지 않고 있는 점을 지적했다. 이 편지는 스포츠서울 등을 통해 보도된 지난 9일 제임스 맥클레오드 NOC 협력과 올림픽 연대 국장(NOC realations and Olympic Solidarity Director)이 이기흥 대한체육회장에게 보낸 편지에 대해 반박하는 성격을 띄고 있다. 메클레오드 국장은 당시 편지에서 이기흥 대한체육회장에게 우리나라 문화체육관광부가 추진하고 있는 KOC와 체육회의 분리, 문체부가 대한체육회장 선거 90일 전 사퇴 조항을 직무 정지로 바꾸는 대한체육회 정관 개정안을 승인하지 않고 있는 점에 대해 ‘IOC 헌장에 명시된 스포츠 독립성 침해가 아니냐’는 우려를 표명했다. 故 최숙현 선수 사망 사건 이후 대한체육회 하위 단체격인 대한철인3종협회 박석원 회장이 도의적 책임을 지고 물러났지만 체육계 수장격인 이기흥 대한체육회장은 사퇴는커녕 대한체육회 사무총장을 보직 해임하라는 문체부 특정감사 결과조차 받아들이지 않았다. 이는 각국 정부로부터 정치적 외압을 피하도록 설계된 NOC 단체인 대한체육회가 문체부의 권고를 반드시 따라야 할 법적 구속력이 없기 때문이다. IOC는 각국 NOC가 정부로부터 부당한 정치적 압력을 받았을 때 올림픽 출전을 금지하는 제재를 내릴 수 있다. 독립 기관인 NOC는 정치적 외압으로부터 자유로울 수 있지만 최 선수 사건 처리 과정에서처럼 자기 자신의 무능함을 시정할 수 없다는 치명적 단점이 있다. KOC와 체육회 분리는 매년 수천억의 국민 혈세가 투입됐음에도 최 선수 사건 뿐만 아니라 수십년 간 반복된 스포츠 인권 문제를 좌시해온 체육회에 대한 감시를 강화하기 위한 대책이다. 하지만 대한체육회는 IOC 헌장에 나오는 ‘스포츠 독립’을 이유로 반대하고 있다. 지난 8월 31일 대한체육회 대의원들은 결의문을 통해 체육회와 KOC 분리에 반대 의사를 표명했다. 지난해 1월 조재범 폭력 사건 직후 문체부가 KOC 분리를 언급했고, 지난해 8월에는 민관 합동 스포츠 정책 권고 기구인 스포츠혁신위원회는 7차 권고안을 통해 2021년 상반기까지 대한체육회와 KOC의 분리를 권고한 바 있다. 메클레오드 국장은 지난 9일 편지에서 “IOC는 대한체육회와 관련된 최근의 사태 진전들에 대해 면밀히 주시하고 있으며 슬프게도 수많은 한국 선수들에게 가해진 학대(Abuse·스포츠 폭력)에 대응하는 조치로 대한체육회를 두개의 단체로 다시 분리하기 위해 실행된 것처럼 보이는 외부 압력에 대해 매우 우려하고 있다”고 했다. 이어 “스포츠에서의 괴롭힘과 학대로부터 선수들을 보호하기 위해 대한체육회는 분리보다 단결과 안정이 필요하며 정부 당국의 총력 지원과 밀접한 협력이 필요하다고 굳게 믿고 있다”며 “알다시피 IOC는 대한체육회와 긴밀하고 일해왔고, 대한체육회가 스포츠 선수 학대를 예방하기 위해 계속적인 노력을 하는 것을 지지해왔다”고 했다. 하지만 이에 대해 시민단체는 이날 “현재 대한민국에는 대한체육회가 단일조직으로 존재한다”고 반박하면서 “대한체육회는 독립성 훼손을 이유로 정부의 스포츠 인권보호 노력 및 스포츠 개혁에 협조하거나 따르기를 거부하고 있다”고 설명했다. 또 “독립으로의 권장은 KOC가 수행해야할 주어진 직무를 수행하지 못한 태만과 무능함에 기인한다”며 “조재범 성폭력 사건과 최숙현 선수 사망 사건은 수많은 인권 침해 사건의 일부에 해당하고 현재의 대한체육회 조직이 유지된다면 유사한 경우가 또다시 발생할 것으로 믿는다”고 반박했다. 또 시민단체는 문체부의 대한체육회 정관 불승인 건과 관련해서 “이기흥 대한체육회장은 내년 초 열리는 대한체육회장 선거 재선을 위해 IOC 위원으로서의 지위를 선거에 이용하는 것으로 강하게 의심받고 있다”며 “한국 체육시민단체는 정부 당국이 정관 승인을 망설이는 것은 선거의 공정성이 위협받을 것을 우려하고 있는 것으로 이해하고 있다”고 했다. [체육시민단체가 보낸 편지 전문] 토마스 바흐 IOC 위원장께 우리는 며칠 전 언론을 통해 올림픽연대와 NOC 협력국장인 제임스 맥클레오드가 이기흥 대한체육회장에게 2020년 9월 9일 서한을 보낸 사실을 알았습니다. 서한은 현재 한국에서 논의되고 있는 스포츠 단체의 재조정에 대한 IOC의 우려였습니다. 관련하여 우리 시민단체는 이 서한에 대응하여 한국 현황과 사실을 알려 드리고자 하며, 당신이 잘못 인도되지 않기 바랍니다. 먼저, 이는 분리가 아니고 오히려 독립입니다. 우리는 독립이 선수와 한국 청년세대의 인권보호과 신장을 위한 매우 중요하며 필요한 조치로 믿습니다. 이는 이미 한국 스포츠 혁신을 추진하기 위해 정부가 민관합동으로 구성한 스포츠혁신위원회의 권고사항입니다. 현재 한국 정부는 혁신위의 권고의 일부로 이 사항을 이행하고 있습니다. 둘째, 독립으로의 권장은 KOC가 수행해야할 주어진 직무를 수행하지 못한 태만과 무능함에 기인합니다. 문화체육관광부는 감사를 통해 대한체육회에 책임을 묻고 있기도 합니다. 최소한 지난 2년 동안, 성폭력 (2019년 1월에 언론 보도된 올림픽 메달리스트의 경우)과 자살(2020년 6월 어린 삼종경기선수의 경우)은 방지될 수 있었습니다. 이는 많은 경우의 일부에 해당합니다. 우리는 현재의 조직적 구조가 유지된다면 유사한 경우가 발생할 것으로 믿습니다. 셋째, 현 대한체육회장은 내년 초 열리는 대한체육회장 선거에 재선을 위해 IOC 위원으로의 위상을 이용하는 것이라 강하게 의심받고 있습니다. 정부 당국은 공정한 선거에 대한 우려하고 있는 것으로 이해하고 있습니다. 넷째, 현재 대한민국에는 대한체육회가 단일조직으로 존재합니다. 많은 경우, IOC 헌장이 보장하는 독립성 훼손을 이유로, 대한체육회는 정부의 스포츠 인권보호 노력 및 스포츠 개혁에 협조하거나 따르기를 거부하고 있습니다. KOC는 올림픽 정신의 이행이라는 측면에서 스포츠 인권을 보장하기 위한 적극적인 노력을 해야 마땅합니다. 대한체육회는 정부의 정책과 올림픽 정신 및 운동을 이행하도록 기대되고 있습니다. 우리는 두 단체가 한국에서 더 좋은 스포츠 환경을 조성할 것으로 믿습니다. 우리는 1947년 인준 이래 지속적으로 IOC와 협력적이었으며 올림픽 운동을 지속적으로 전파하고 있습니다. 그리고 IOC가 대한민국 스포츠에 어떠한 역할과 효과를 가져왔는지 잘 알고 있습니다. 많은 시민들은 이러한 정부의 조치가 스포츠에서의 인권증진에 기여할 것이라 기대하고 있습니다. 우리는 독립된 KOC가 한국인과 선수들을 위해 더 효과적이고 가치 있는 활동을 할 수 있기를 바랍니다. IOC의 관심과 노고에 감사드리며, 국내 진행사항과 발전하는 한국 스포츠를 계속적으로 알려드리겠습니다. 감사합니다. 2020년 9월 21일 철인3종선수 사망사건 진상조사 스포츠 구조개혁을 위한 공동대책위원회, 국제민주연대, 문화연대, 스포츠인권연구소, 인권과스포츠, 인권네트워크 바람, 전국체육교사모임, 체육시민연대 [영어 원문] September 21, 2020 Dear, Thomas Bach, President of the IOC; Honorable President, We learned through the media a few days ago that Mr. James MacLeod, the Director of Olympic Solidarity and NOC Relations has sent a letter to the Korea Sport and Olympic Committee (KSOC) dated of Sept. 9, 2020. It expressed the IOC‘s concern about the reformation of sports entity currently discussed in Korea. In this regard, our NGOs would like to inform you the situation in Korea and facts in response to this letter, and hope you are not misled. First, it is not a separation, but an independency, rather. We believe the independency is a very important and necessary measure for the protection and promotion of human rights in athletes as well as Korean young generation. It has been already recommended by the Sports Innovation Committee of the Korea, which was a public-private partnership to promote Korean sports innovation formed by the government. Currently the government is implementing it as part of the committee’s recommendation. Second, the recommendation of independency is due to the facts of negligence and inability to perform the given duties that the NOC of Korea should have. The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism is also holding the KSOC responsible through audits. At least the last two years, the sexual assaults (in case of former Olympic Gold medalist, media exposed in Jan. 2019) and a suicide (in case of a young triathlete in June, 2020) should have been prevented. We estimate these are the only a few of many incidences. We believe if the current organizational structure is maintained, similar tragic cases will continue to occur. Third, there is a strong doubt that the current president of KSOC would take advantage of his status as an IOC member for the re-election of KSOC occurring in early next year. We understand that the government authorities concern about the fair elections. Fourth, currently KSOC exists as a single organization in Korea. In many cases, by pointing a finger to the violation of independence guaranteed by the IOC Charter, KSOC refuses to cooperate or follow the government’s efforts to protect sports human rights and sports reform. NOC of Korea should make an 5 active effort to guarantee sports human rights in terms of the implementation of the Olympic spirit. It has been expected that KSOC carries out his duty both government’s direction and the Olympic spirit and movement. We strongly believe that two entities will create a better sports environment in Korea. Since recognition in 1947, NOC of Korea has consistently cooperated with the IOC and continues to spread the Olympic movement. We are well aware of the role and effect the IOC has brought to Korean sports. Many citizens expect the government’s action to contribute to the promotion of human rights in Korean sports. We hope that the independent KOC will be able to do more effective and valuable activities for the Koreans and all athletes. We appreciate the interest and hard work of the IOC, and we will continue to inform you of the progress and the development of Korean sports. Sincerely yours, cc. President Korean Sport and Olympic Committee --------------------------------------- Participating organizations, Ativists group for Human Rights ‘BARAM’ Civic Network for Justice in Sport, Cultural Action Humanrightsport, Korea Physical Education Teachers Group, Korean House for International Solidarity Sports & Human Rights Institute The Collaborative Contingent Committee for the Close Examination of the Late Triathlon Athlete Incident and Sport Reform 최영권 기자 story@seoul.co.kr

[The 2019 Migrant Report]In the past 10 years(2009-2018), 43 people out of 143 Nepali migrants who died in South Korea took their own lives- meaning 3 out of 10 deaths involved suicides. The Seoul Shinmun confirmed the figure through the Embassy of Nepal in Seoul and found out most of the cases involved migrant workers who entered the country with E-9 visa. Yet, a bigger tragedy lurks behind their unsung deaths as neither the Government of South Korea nor the Government of Nepal pays much attention to these recurring problems. In 2018, Nepal sent the largest number of non-professional or low-skilled migrant workers(8,404) to South Korea. Obviously, they come to this country for the so-called ‘Korean Dream’. But then, why did so many of them have to die on South Korean soil? From August 26th to September 2nd, the Seoul Shinmun met with some forty people in cities throughout Nepal -such as Kathmandu, Dong Kharka and Pokhara. These people included family members of migrant workers as well as Nepali youths who were dreaming of coming to South Korea to work one day. Three Stories of Betrayed Korean Dreams #Kedar Timalsina(28) An adult-size coffin wrapped with cardboard boxes and plastic tapes was carried out of the Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu. Inside the coffin lay a 28-year-old man named Kedar Timalsina. When his body was found around midnight on July 20th in Saha District, Busan, he was already dead as he apparently hanged himself in the storage of a seafood processing factory. Waiting for him at the airport arrival site were some men from Kedar’s family. “This paper doesn‘t say anything about why Kedar killed himself,” they mumbled among themselves while sifting through the pages of the simple document sent from South Korean police. Kedar’s family said they did not understand why he had to make such an extreme choice to kill himself. It had been only 25 days since his wife Bandana Timalsina gave birth to their first son. The newborn looked like his father. “You know, I even heard Kedar threw a big party to celebrate the birth of this baby. Why would such a man kill himself? It doesn’t make any sense,” said Bandana’s older brother. Besides, Kedar had an aging mother who just turned 60 and would need his care more than before. What further frustrated the grieving family was the abhorring silence and indifference. Neither South Korea nor Nepal provided an adequate explanation. The Embassy of Nepal in Seoul and South Korean police seemed they were done with the case since they had returned the body to his family. South Korean police never investigated surveillance cameras installed in the factory or carried out forensics on Kedar’s mobile phone. The police said, “We found no evidence of murder on his body. Moreover, we understand he had a clear motivation to commit suicide.” “How can they not even review the CCTV and mobile phone? Is this how South Korea handles things?” Bandana‘s older brother asked a Korean reporter sitting in front of them. According to South Korean police, on the other hand, Kedar’s family was the “clear motivation” behind his suicide. Citing a statement made by Kedar’s co-worker, the police explained that Kedar had recently purchased some land, which turned out to be a fraud. “It’s a lie!” Listening to the Korean reporter relaying what he had heard from the police, Kedar’s family got furious. They insisted, “He bought the land a year ago for 2.90 million rupees (roughly 30 million Korean won) but now the price has gone up to 4.35 million rupees (roughly 43.5 million Korean won).” None of Kedar’s personal belongings were returned to his family. The police said, ”The Nepali Embassy told us that his family did not want his items back.“ The family‘s account was different. They said they had never communicated with the Embassy about Kedar’s personal belongings. ”We are responsible for confirming the identity and death certificate in order to promptly return the body back to his family in Nepal. The Embassy does not send back items unless they are important,“ the Embassy of Nepal replied when asked about it. On the day of the arrival, the family took Kedar’s body to the Bagmati River, an important tributary of the Ganges. When Bandana opened the cover of the coffin to see her husband for the last time, she burst into tears caressing his face. ”Why… What should I do with our baby?“ Kedar’s family moistened his mouth with water from the Ganges and put fire into the mouth to cremate. It took 4 hours for the fire to consume his body. With Kedar’s ‘Korean Dream’, all was gone.# Bal Bahadur Gurung(32) ”He really loved the children. These kids remind me of my husband every time I see them,“ said Lili Maya Gurung(28) thrusting a tissue under her sunglasses. The Seoul Shinmun met her in Pokhara in central Nepal. Lili Maya‘s husband Bal Bahadur Gurung forced himself off the Wolleung Bridge in Jungnang District, Seoul, on June 12th, 2018. He died immediately after being hit by a passing vehicle. CCTV footage showed Bal Bahadur walking back-and-forth over the bridge several times. He seemed nervous. He hesitated. But nothing would change the fact that he had just become an ‘unregistered’ migrant two days ago. He feared deportation. Bal Bahadur entered South Korea with a proper work visa in October 2017. In the following March, however, he left the company and registered himself at the Ministry of Labor to find another work. Migrant workers automatically lose their right to stay in the country if they fail to secure employment within three months. Bal Bahadur went back to Nepal to spend a short time with his family then came back to South Korea. Unfortunately, he had no luck in finding work. Time marched on inexorably until his three months were up. He became an unregistered or illegal migrant. That night, Bal Bahadur had no money. Later, a message found on his mobile phone showed that he had been trying to borrow some money from his co-worker. ”Had he owned some money, do you think he could have been able to get a taxi to go home in Suwon and lived?“ Lili Maya came to South Korea to take care of the remains of her husband by herself. “Unfortunately, many people in Nepal can’t afford to come to Korea even if a family member dies here. Still, the Nepali Embassy does nothing about it,” sighed another Nepali, Lama Dawa Pasang(43), who had been helping Lili Maya during her visit. Lili Maya’s neighbors often ask her, “Your husband looked so happy when he was visiting you two months before he passed away. What happened to that happy man? What happened in South Korea?” Shocked by his youngest son’s tragic death, Bal Bahadur’s father -a former soldier- is suffering from amnesia. In Nepal, when a family member dies, they make an altar at home to display a photo of the deceased and burn incense every morning and evening. ”Mom, we only do this for dead people. Did Daddy die?“ Lili Maya’s seven-year-old daughter asked. “No, your father has gone abroad to work,” replied Lili Maya. But that did not stop Lili Maya from crying. “I want to die, too. But when I think of these poor children, I can’t.”# Dhan Raj Ghala(40) “I am enocent. I have no mistake. Company cheating me. I am no crazy […] company take my signiture [...] please investigation please” This is part of Dhan Raj Ghala’s letter, hand-written in English. He apparently died as a result of a suicide by hanging in June 2011 while working at a futon factory in Dalseo District, Daegu City. Dhan, who first came to South Korea in September 2010, even had a plane ticket booked to go back to Nepal. But, for some reason, he still ended up with the same tragic choice. Upon seeing a Korean reporter on August 31st in their home in Pokhara, Dhan’s wife Man Maya Ghala(48) and Dhan’s younger brother Bhim Raj Ghala(36) began talking about what had happened 8 years ago. Bhim said he had to go to South Korea because he could not let his brother go without knowing why he had to die there. To Bhim, his older brother was a man who loved his family more than anything and a hard-working person. “After seeing the letters, I thought Dhan must have been bullied at work,” Bhim explained. “He could have suffered from depression after learning he had signed something without knowing what it was. In the letter, he was worried that the company did something bad.” Dhan left another short letter written in Nepali, as well. He wrote, “I’ve done nothing wrong. I once fought with another worker from Mongolia. I don’t know what that Mongolian guy told Korean people… (The company) is cheating me.” Similar letters had also been sent twice to a manager of the company, in which Dhan wrote, “We used to talk to each other. But you don’t talk to me these days. I don’t understand. Please tell me why.” The company, however, denied the claims made by Dhan. They insisted that there was no bullying and that Dhan had never signed any document. It’s been told Dhan found Korea’s alternating shifts between day and night extremely difficult. Since mid-April, Dhan had been only given night shift for two months until his death. “My husband told me he could not sleep when he was working night shifts,” Man Maya explained. A source at a labor union said, “Dhan could have been very stressed due to night shifts and workplace bullying. When the company sounded as if they were to fire him, he must have felt extremely pressured.” In Nepal, when fathers bring gifts from overseas, they share it with neighbors. “When my children received their portion, they looked rather sad. They must have thought of their late-father,” Man Maya’s voice trembled as she recalled how it wounded her children. Her daughter and son were ten and five, respectively, at the time of their father’s death. Now they’ve grown to become a college student and a middle school student. ”I will never forgive those people who did wrong things to my father,“ Dhan‘s son vows to take revenge whenever the absence of his father strikes him. The siblings made a promise to each other not to go abroad no matter what. Nevertheless, Man Maya and Bhim said they did not hate Koreans. “You see in South Korea, as well as in Nepal, there are good people and bad people. Sadly, my husband met bad people. I don’t want to blame all Koreans because of them. Still, I want those bad ones to be punished.” Kathmandu·Dong kharka·Pokhara Ki Mindo key5088@seoul.co.krEnglish Translation: Lee Myungju ana.myungjulee@gmail.com ▶The Seoul Shinmun plans to cover more in-depth stories involving migrant workers, marriage migrants and migrant children in South Korea. If you have experienced or witnessed wage theft, uncompensated workplace injuries, verbal and/or physical abuses, we are waiting for your news tips. Email: key5088@seoul.or.kr Also, get in touch with more news tips and stories on bullying and any form of discrimination against marriage migrants and migrant children. Your news tips will strictly remain anonymous and protected.

?It is common for the authors to include epilogues, however, yours was especially sincere and full of countless thank you-s. Humans are quite similar in genetic aspects(you even mentioned that the reason Kenya became a powerful nation in track-and-field is because it did not lose the talented ones to other sports). Sport is a way of exploring the inner-conscience, so enjoy. Such conclusion seemed a little bit cliche-tic in the first place, pardon me, but as I thought about it more and more, it seems to be a really valuable conclusion. It has been already two years since you wrote the book. If you have the chance to write the epilogue once again, what are the changes that you would want to make? -Haha…well, I think maybe I would try to make that sentence a little less cliche! And I always appreciate feedback, so there is no need for pardon whatsoever. For me, sport is the ultimate lens through which to examine human biological diversity. You can watch the opening ceremony in Rio this summer, and there will be Michael Phelps next to a 1500-meter runner as they walk in, and Phelps will be 18cm taller, but both men will be wearing the same length pants, because of the bodytypes that are advantaged in their respective sports. I find that beautiful and remarkable, if a bit cliche. I really didn’t think so many people would be interested in the book, so I didn’t have an audience in mind so much when I wrote the epilogue, it was more sort of wrapping things up in my own mind. So that’s why I mentioned a wide range of characters from NBA players to Steve Jobs, and discussed the idea of genetic engineering for a perfect athlete. It was just addressing many different things I had been thinking about, almost like I was talking to myself. I think if I could do it again, I would have made a more explicit section of the epilogue where I said: “Here, in short, are aspects of this research that have most influenced how I work outside of sports,” and suggest how they might apply to other people. For example, when I’m trying to learn something new now, I sample a range of techniques first, and pay attention to my learning rate, or “trainability” as I call it in the book. It pays off to spend some time up front finding the method in which you are most trainable. You may be behind at first, but it’s the best way to go. And using some of the information about how athletes “chunk” information to make quick decisions, I’ve applied some of that to learning information quickly, and I can now memorize full hour-long lectures even though I don’t think I have a special memory. So I think I would have taken some time to give a bit more of the practical, utilitarian background. I would still like to do that! ?You worked as a researcher in Alaska near the North Pole, wrote articles while traveling on a yacht... you have been consistently involved in environment and sports-science. You are now working as a journalist for Propublica. Your TED lecture ‘Are Athletes Really Getting Faster, Better, Stronger?’ from 2014 was watched by a quite large number of people in Korea as well. You seem like a person who is consistently interested in new things and inflamed by new topics. Do you have a personal life moto? Is there a specific field that you are especially interested in and working on in these days? -When I lived on the boat, a large research vessel, I was actually doing science, not writing articles yet. I wasn’t a journalist yet, and still thought I would be a scientist. But the more science I did, the more I asked myself: “Am I the type of person who wants to spend my whole life learning or two things new to the world? Or am I the type who wants to learn things new to me more often?” I decided I was the latter, and later realized you really can connect dots that even the scientists haven’t, because they have to focus very narrowly. I jumped from being a scientist to a journalist, and then from all sorts of different jobs. I left a fulltime job in Washington D.C., to take a temporary six-month job as a fact-checker at Sports Illustrated. I don’t know that I have a motto, but just as the development of the best athletes involves diversification prior to specialization, I want my experience to be very wide early in my career. When my learning curve begins to flatten, I want to be somewhere else. That’s difficult, because the pressure is to create a brand and stick to the same thing. But I just can’t. I think we too often progress in life by continually moving more and more toward what we are comfortable with. I want to spend my entire life forcing myself to try things and engage with ideas that I don’t find entirely comfortable. It’s the same with physical training. If you lift the same weight the same number of times every day, you will maintain your muscle, but you won’t force it to change for the better. Right now, I just finished a long story about drug cartels in Mexico, which was a new field for me, and fascinating to understand how those organizations get very good at doing very bad things. It definitely made me wonder about how leadership is structured in organizations, so I’ve been reading some of the psychology about that. And I’m also taking a fiction writing class, because, again, I want to get out of my comfort-zone, and force myself to try a kind of writing that I’m not comfortable with. It’s working! ?Your book was selected as a New York Times bestseller. Moreover, the photo of your book with President Obama was a hot issue as well. I wonder, had the President ever mentioned about the book himself or wrote you an email or mentioned in his SNS about the book. -The President never wrote to me, as I think he probably has a pretty busy schedule! Interestingly, former Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice mentioned in an interview that she was reading The Sports Gene as well. I enjoyed that, because she and President Obama are from different political parties obviously, and I was glad to think that perhaps people with very different viewpoints might be interested in it. I did see one interview online where President Obama was speaking with a runner who visited the White House, and told her some things about talent, and it made me think he had definitely paid attention to what he read in my book, as it sounded like it was straight from the pages. ?There was this video of you having a heated conversation in MIT with Malcom Gladwell, the founder of 1 million-hours-law. Are you still in an argument with him? -He and I still do discuss it, because we run together. But we have become very friendly. That doesn’t mean we agree, but my feeling is that he has gravitated somehwat more toward the evidence I’ve presented. I give him a huge amount of credit for being willing to change his mind when presented with evidence. He contends that the point of the law or “rule,” as he phrased it, was to show the importance of hard and sustained work. But that was never in question among scientists in the area, and I think the way that it has been applied is often a mistake. As I noted in my book, the scientist who did the actual work that led to the law has been pretty upset at what the public thinks it is. So I hope I helped correct that for people who are interested, although I certainly can’t reach as many people as Gladwell. ?You answered that ‘Phelps will be 18cm taller(than EL GUERROUJ), but both men will be wearing the same length pants, because of the body types that are advantaged in their respective sports. I find that beautiful and remarkable, if a bit cliche’. Could you explain further about why is that ’beautiful and remarkable‘? -In the early part of the 20th Century, there was an idea that there was an ideal way for all humans to be, and that anything different from that was bad. It deviated by fault or error. Instead, now that we better understand biological variation, it’s clear that tremendous variation is an essential part of evolution. There is no “perfect form,” only those that fit more readily into one environment or task than another. As such, I see sports as a celebration of humanity‘s physiological diversity. Some people have asked me if all these specialized body types take away some of the magic of sports for me. On the contrary, I think sports is a grand stage for appreciating biological diversity. Sports are simply contrived environments that we’ve created to test our psychology and biology. To me, the wider the range, the more interesting, and the more power sport has to appeal to everyone. I feel the same way about culture. I love the Olympics because it mixes cultures on a scale I don‘t think is really replicated just about anywhere else, and I like to see how that manifests. In short: at times human diversity is divisive, but in sport, it’s part of the celebration of achievement. Who is Epstein? He was born in Chicago, Illinois on the 31st of January, 1980. He majored in Environmental science and astronomy in Columbia University. He worked as an environmental research worker in the Artic Circle near Alaska. He also worked at the a seismological laboratory and charted the submarine topography of the Mediterranean ocean. As a sport-illustrate senior contributor, he is a celebrated journalists who writes sports-science and Olympics stories through careful research and checking, such as breaking the story that the Yankees‘ Alex Rodriguez, the tycoon of baseball was tested positive for steroids. He included his experience of being a varsity track-and-fields runner with teammates who came from Jamaica and Kenya and of working in the sports scenes in his book ‘The Sports Gene’, 2013. President Obama’s picture of buying the book at the bookstore was sensational. Also, Condoleezza Rice, the former secretary of state also recommended her acquaintances to read the book. Now he is working at the public benefit media ‘Propublica’ as a journalist and recently covered the story of the Mexican drug cartel’s local relief activity. Senior reporter Byong Sun Nim bsnim@seoul.co.kr

늘어나는 1인 가구를 겨냥하여 공간 대비 활용성을 높인 ‘3단 변신 서랍장’이 매사추세츠공과대학(MIT)의 연구팀에 의해 개발되었다. 28일(현지시각) 영국의 인터넷 매체 데일리 메일은 MIT가 개발한 ‘3단 변신 서랍장’이 좁은 공간에서 거주하는 사람들에게 공간활용성을 극대화 시켜줄 것이라고 전했다. MIT 미디어 랩이 지난 12일 유튜브에 공개한 영상을 보면, 한 남성이 손을 살짝 뒤로 빼자 서랍장이 열려 침대로 변한다. 필요에 따라서 이 서랍장은 사무실 책상이나 식탁으로 변하기도 하며, 때로는 서랍장을 닫아 거실로 공간을 넓게 이용하기도 한다. 또한 이 서랍장은 평소 벽처럼 사용되는데, 이때 간단히 손으로 밀어 움직일 수 있다. 따라서 자신이 원하는 대로 거실 및 화장실 등의 공간을 효율적으로 바꿀 수 있다. 영상의 마지막에는 단순한 몸짓만으로 조명의 밝기와 색을 바꾸는 모습 역시 연출하여 주목을 끌었다. MIT의 켄트 라슨, 하저 라레아 연구원은 “좁은 집에서 살더라도 이 서랍장만 있다면 문제가 없다”며 자신들이 개발한 이 서랍장에 대해 매우 자랑스러워 했다. 한편 이 서랍장을 개발한 MIT의 CityHome은 “이것은 단지 컨셉이 아니고 당장 사용할 수 있는 제품이다”고 상용화 가능성을 내비췄다. 사진·영상=MIT Media Lab 김형우 인턴기자 hwkim@seoul.co.kr

기기 하나로 영화, 인터넷, TV, 게임을 즐길 수 있는 ‘고(高) 스펙 스마트폰’도 좋지만 투박하더라도 세상에 하나 밖에 없는 나만의 ‘휴대전화’가 더 매력적이지 않을까? 영국 일간지 데일리 메일은 아두이노(Arduino) 보드 기술을 활용한 ‘DIY(Do it yourself·소비자가 원하는 형태로 직접 만들 수 있도록 한 상품) 휴대전화’를 5일 소개했다. 해당 프로젝트는 MIT 미디어 랩(lab) 엔지니어 데이비드 멜리스(David Mellis)의 아이디어에서 시작됐다. 멜리스의 설명에 따르면 DIY 휴대전화 제작에 쓰이는 아두이노 보드는 GSM 쉴드 모델을 기반으로 모바일 네트워크 접속이 가능한 것이 특징이다. 또한 사용자가 원하는 경우 디자인과 디스플레이를 추가 할 수 있다. 그는 아두이노 마이크로 컨트롤러를 이용해 제작한 해당 휴대폰 소스 지침을 ‘Github’(웹 기반 프로그램 호스팅 서비스)에 올렸다. DIY 휴대폰의 외형은 나무재질이며, 회로 기판, LED 디스플레이, 버튼, 스피커, 마이크 등을 갖추고 있다. 현재 나와 있는 기본버전에는 전화번호 저장기능, 문자 송수신 기능, 알람시계 기능이 구현된다. 아쉽게도 아직 ‘앱’은 설치할 수 없다. 아두이노(Arduino)는 오픈소스를 기반으로 한 단일 보드 마이크로 컨트롤러다. 아두이노는 다수의 스위치나 센서로부터 값을 받아들여, LED나 모터와 같은 외부 전자 장치들을 통제함으로써 환경과 상호작용이 가능한 물건을 만들어낼 수 있고 플래시, Max·MSP와 같은 소프트웨어와 연동할 수 있다. 아두이노의 가장 큰 장점은 마이크로컨트롤러를 쉽게 동작시킬 수 있다는 것이다. 또한 펌웨어를 USB를 통해 쉽게 업로드 할 수 있고 가격도 저렴하다. 호환성도 뛰어나 윈도우를 비롯해 맥 OS, 리눅스에도 적용된다. 그리고 회로도가 공개돼 있어 누구나 직접 보드를 만들고 수정할 수 있다. 멜리스는 해당 휴대폰 보드 디자인을 온라인 PCB(printed circuit board·인쇄회로기판) 커뮤니티인 OSH Park에 올려 논 상태다. 휴대전화 1개 제작에 소요되는 비용은 약 200달러(한화 약 21만원)다. 멜리스는 “기본버전은 아직 북미 네트워크에서만 가동된다”며 “시간이 지나면 각 국으로 확대될 가능성이 있다”고 덧붙였다. 사진=데이비드 멜리스 홈페이지(http://web.media.mit.edu/~mellis/) 캡처 조우상 기자 wscho@seoul.co.kr

미래형 최첨단 신도시 조성사업인 서울시의 ‘DMC(DigitalMedia City)사업’이 7대 선도사업의 확정 등으로 본궤도에올랐다. 고건(高建) 서울시장은 4일(한국시간) 영국 런던에서 현지기업인 200여명을 상대로 동아시아 비즈니스 허브로서 서울DMC사업에 대한 투자설명회를 가졌다. 고 시장은 설명회를 통해 사업의 조기활성화와 입주자 지원을 위해 우선 추진될 ‘7대 선도사업’을 발표했다. 7대 선도사업은 ▲입주자에게 제공할 초고속 광대역 정보통신망 구축 ▲세계 최고수준의 R&D 기관인 ‘Media Lab East’를 미국 MIT대학과 공동 조성 ▲국가차원의 문화컨텐츠진흥원 유치 ▲산학연 네트워크를 위한 인터넷방송센터를조성 ▲국제수준의 첨단과학관 유치 ▲IT·미디어·디자인·경영 등 고급인력 양성을 위한 사이버대학 설립▲과학과예술,산업과 문화를 접목할 ‘미디어시티 서울’ 비엔날레개최 등이다. 고시장은 또 “서울 월드컵경기장 인근에 들어설 첨단미디어 신도시인 DMC가 첨단 IT기술을 활용한 문화상품과 서비스를 동아시아에 제공하는 전진기지가 될 것”임을 강조했다. 이같은 투자설명회로 영국최대 캐피털기업인 3i사(社)가투자의향서(LOI)에 서명하는 등 현지 기업인들이 큰 관심을보이고 있다. 김찬곤 서울시 DMC추진단장은 “토지조성이 끝나는 내년 4월쯤부터 토지분양을 시작해 소프트웨어·컨텐츠관련 국내·외 유수업체 1,500∼2,000여개사를 유치할 계획”이라 말했다. 이동구기자 yidonggu@

상암동 디지털미디어시티(DMC)에의 외자유치를 위해 미국을 방문중인 고건(高建)서울시장은 11일 오전(한국시간) 매사추세츠공과대학(MIT)을 방문, 로렌스 베이커 대외담당 총장 등 관계자들과 MIT가 추진중인 미디어 랩(Media Lab)의서울 유치문제를 협의, 긍정적인 답변을 들었다. 고 시장은 이 대학 관계자들에게 서울시의 DMC조성계획을소개하고 정보통신 분야에서 세계적 권위를 자랑하는 ‘MIT미디어랩’의 서울 유치에 협조해줄 것을 요청했다. 이에 대해 MIT대학측은 “긍정적인 측면에서 ‘MIT 미디어랩’의 유치문제를 적극 검토하겠다”는 입장을 밝혔다. ‘MIT 미디어랩’은 85년 니콜러스 네그로폰테 교수와 제롬 와이즈너 전 MIT총장 등이 주도해 설립한 연구소로 인식기술,그래픽디자인,디지털 비디오,멀티 미디어 등 정보통신분야에서 세계적 권위를 인정받는 선도적 연구소다. 서울시는 MIT 미디어랩의 서울유치는 많은 외국기업의 참여 촉발은 물론 국내 미디어 기술수준 향상에 크게 기여할것으로 기대하고 있다. 보스턴 임창용특파원